NAIROBI, Kenya — In the Congo Basin, unsustainable use of the environment and natural resources is diminishing people’s resilience to climate change and destroying communities’ livelihoods, say Catholic bishops and environmental experts.

But bishops are moving to save the basin, which environmental experts describe as “the second lung of the planet,” after the Amazon. Some of the bishops’ actions were amplified at their meeting on the environment and natural resources in Kinshasa, Congo, June 21–24.

The meeting’s focus was the Congo Basin, and it was coordinated by the bishops’ commission for natural resources. Its key objective was to get the local churches to commit to protect the basin.

Archbishop Marcel Utembi Tapa, chairman of Congolese bishops’ conference, appealed for increased care of the basin.

“Our concern is to promote an education of our people to respect the environment for the protection of the Congo Basin. DRC is responsible for 60 percent of (the) forest in the basin. Thus, we have a mission to lead a plea for taking into account the dignity of the people and the living conditions of populations who live in this environment,” Utembi told the gathering attended by senior church and government officials, environmental experts and members of the civil society.

Congo is currently facing key challenges related to the environment and natural resources, including insecurity related to mineral exploitation in eastern areas. In May, a humanitarian crisis ignited in Goma following the eruption of Mount Nyiragongo. Part of South Kivu province is also facing floods due to the rising waters of Lake Tanganyika.

“We cannot reflect on the challenges of environmental protection and the exploitation of natural resources without considering their relation to human integral development,” said Utembi.

Recently, the country has struggled with Ebola and is tackling the coronavirus pandemic, amid other diseases such measles and cholera.

These diseases “show our failure to manage human ecology,” said Utembi. “It’s time that our behavior helps combat the multifaceted pollution in a consciousness that all human beings are created in the image and likeness of God.”

Bishop Sébastien Muyengo, president of the bishops’ commission for natural resources, said with COVID-19, many world leaders are calling for the new world order, the good of which is to find new ways of inhabiting the world.

“It means leaving the pretense of power, of being like God. Leaving the pride of power, even of knowledge,” said Muyengo.

Utembi said questions about protecting the Congo Basin include how to protect the forest without disrupting lives of communities settled there, what solidarity can be exercised with regard to countries where water sources are drying up, and how the dividends from mining of minerals such as cobalt and lithium could benefit the local populations.

Congo is rich in copper, cobalt, coltan and lithium, among other minerals. It has 50 percent of the world’s cobalt reserves. Cobalt, a key material in car batteries, is expected to come under increased demand, alongside copper, as the world continues to switch to electric motor vehicles.

“So it would make sense that at one point or another our country benefits from this demand in the face of insufficient supply,” said Albert Yuma-Mulimbi, president of the Federation of Businesses in Congo.

In a range of observations at the end of the conference, the bishops noted the Congo Basin’s rich natural resources were irresponsibly overexploited, leaving the land fragile following deforestation, air and water pollution and dumping of toxic waste.

A key driver of social inequalities in the country is climate injustice, the bishops’ statement said.

It also highlighted the Congolese government’s weakness and inability to control or evolve a strategic vision for its mining, forestry, hydraulic, energy, land and agricultural resources. The statement also noted the absence of basic infrastructure that would ensure sustainable exploitation of natural resources, thus contributing to the national budget.