Demonstrators with Azerbaijan flags take part in a protest against Armenia, in Istanbul, Turkey on October 4, 2020.

Kemal Aslan
Demonstrators with Azerbaijan flags take part in a protest against Armenia, in Istanbul, Turkey on October 4, 2020.

The largely-Muslim makeup of Azerbaijan and the history of Armenian Christianity is a key factor in the conflict, particularly amid reports that neighboring Turkey is actively exporting Syrian Islamist extremists to Azerbaijan to fight Armenia.