WASHINGTON — With the global pandemic practically shutting everything down for months, the sacramental wine and altar bread business has suffered like other businesses in the country, with COVID-19 preventing most indoor public celebrations of the Mass.

Catholics are for the most part unable to attend Mass in person and receive the Communion host and consecrated wine. And in cases where Mass can be attended by a small congregation that must adhere to health and safety protocols, like social distancing, mask wearing and hand sanitizing, Catholics still might not want to receive Communion.

“Nothing has kept this winery from fulfilling its mission the last century and a half, until now,” said Will Ouweleen, who is the vintner at the O-Neh-Da and Eagle Crest vineyards in Conesus, New York, in the state’s Finger Lakes region. Hemlock Lake is home to the vineyards, which also produce table wines.

“Things are not well. Easter this year was effectively canceled. You were encouraged to stay home and have a spiritual Communion,” he told Catholic News Service. “What that means for O-Neh-Da Vineyard and other vineyards is there is no demand for sacramental wine. We have made very few sales since mid-February.”

Ouweleen said that he, his wife, Lisa, and a neighbor were doing “the work of 1,000 monks.”

Although business has taken a hit, he explained, the vineyard has not laid off a single employee and it continued to pay part-time employees even though they haven’t been required to go to work. The future looks unpredictable for the vineyard because what is unknown is how people will respond to drinking wine out of the Communion cup once public celebrations of Mass resume regularly.

The winery, which is in the Diocese of Rochester, New York, was founded to make sacramental wine by the first bishop of Rochester, Bishop Bernard McQuaid, in 1872. It is one of the few remaining wineries in the world to make sacramental wine from locally grown grapes. More about its history can be found at www.purewineonline.com.

“We are facing an existential threat here like nothing the winery has seen,” Ouweleen said, adding that he doesn’t know what the future holds. There will be “a need for sacramental wine because priests must celebrate Mass,” but the faithful do not have to take the wine if offered at Communion, because “the body, blood, soul and divinity is present in the host completely.”

If Communion is being distributed in churches that are reopening in a limited capacity for Mass, right now it is the host, and not consecrated wine, that is offered, so O-Neh-Da has not seen its demand go back up.

According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, Catholics are not required to receive Communion under both forms, because the Real Presence is received under one form alone, as Ouweleen stated. Also, it is not always possible for a church to dispense Communion under both forms.

“Since Christ is sacramentally present under each of the species, Communion under the species of bread alone makes it possible to receive all the fruit of eucharistic grace,” the catechism says. “For pastoral reasons this manner of receiving Communion has been legitimately established as the most common form in the Latin rite. But ‘the sign of Communion is more complete when given under both kinds, since in that form the sign of the eucharistic meal appears more clearly.’”

O-Neh-Da Vineyard sells directly to about 1,500 churches in New York state, Pennsylvania and Washington. It sells the rest of its wine through distributors. About 95% of the churches the vineyard sells to are Catholic, but its customers also include Orthodox, Episcopal and Lutheran churches.

Normally, the Vineyard sells around 15,000 cases of wine in fall and spring. However, sales were few this spring because of the pandemic.

However, two orders of women religious who make altar bread and ship it out across to churches around the country — the Benedictine Sisters of Perpetual Adoration in Clyde, Missouri, and the Poor Clares of the Franciscan Monastery of St. Clare in Langhorne, Pennsylvania, have seen a small increase in sales since churches have slowly reopened. But they still have a huge surplus of altar breads.

Benedictine Sister Ruth Elaine Starman talked about her religious order’s business picking up slightly.

Sister Anne Bartol, a Poor Clare, holds a bag of altar bread she and other nuns prepared to sell to parishes throughout Pennsylvania at the Monastery of St. Clare in Langhorne, Pa., Aug. 13, 2020. The room is filled with boxes of backlogged altar breads and the monastery halted production this summer as the coronavirus pandemic reduced demand for the Eucharist at U.S. parishes. (Credit: CNS photo/Chaz Muth.)

“Parishes started opening up again, so we saw a bit of an increase in sales beginning with the first part of June and gradually increasing as more parishes have opened up again,” she told CNS.

Starman explained that sales are not back to normal because the COVID-19 shutdown meant there would be no Easter Mass and that was rough on the Benedictine sisters.

Easter is one of the main times the nuns sell their altar bread, so they saw their sales decrease dramatically. As of now, “the presider’s bread,” as she called the altar bread for the celebrant of the Mass, is selling much better than the bread used for Communion hosts for the laity.

“The presider’s bread is still selling. But (sales of) the people’s hosts with parishes shut down have fallen way down. Our sales were below 5% through April and May. Interestingly enough we make low-gluten hosts for celiac sufferers, but those sales were steady and currently (in mid-July) were probably at about 40% of sales for our low-gluten bread,” she said.

Along with the Benedictine Sisters, the Poor Clares have seen a gradual increase in sales as well. Sister Anne Bartol said the Poor Clares were getting about three orders per week, a dramatic decrease from their usual 40 or 50 orders a week, but at least they were getting something.

“Around mid-March perhaps, we started getting a big drop off in orders,” Bartol said. “We have two different types of clients: ones who call and the people that have our standing order. We kept sending our standing orders and within a month and two to three weeks of that they started calling in saying cancel my order. Basically, we’ve been at a standstill since late Match.”

The Poor Clares usually send out multiple orders of altar bread to not only Catholic churches but to a few Protestant accounts as well.

“In terms of total individual hosts, it’s about 750,000 a month,” Bartol said about what the nuns normally sell when there isn’t a pandemic. “Thirty-two bags is 8,000 hosts. That’s for one account or one order,” she added.