Mother Mary Lange (c. 1784-1882) founded the Oblate Sisters of Providence, the first African-American women’s religious institute. “Prior to the Emancipation Proclamation, there was no public education for Blacks in Baltimore, since Maryland was a slave state and the education of slaves was outlawed,” the Archdiocese of Baltimore notes. “Mother Lange took charge of educating Black children in her own home in Baltimore at her own expense with another female refugee.”